 |
|
| 1555 | |
| Peace of Augsburg |
|
| 1608/9 | |
| The Protestant princes unite to form the "Union", the Catholic princes unite to form the "Liga" |
|
| 1618 | |
| The "Prague Defenestration" leads to the outbreak of the Thirty Years´ War |
|
| 1619 | |
| Calvinist electoral prince Friedrich V of the Palatine is elected king of Bohemia |
|
| 1620 | |
| Defeat of Friedrich V in the battle of the Weißen Berg, near Prague |
|
| 1622 | |
| Westphalia´s early involvement in the war is caused by the "Toller Christian" Battle of Hoechst: Tilly defeats Christian |
|
| 1623 | |
| Battle of Stadtlohn: Christian of Braunschweig is completely defeated |
|
| 1625 | |
| King Christian IV of Denmark enters the war |
|
| 1626 | |
| Tilly defeats the Danish king at the battle of Lutter am Barenberge |
|
| 1629 | |
| Peace of Lübeck with Denmark; Wallenstein obtains mild peace conditions Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II issues the Edict of Restitution |
|
| 1630 | |
| King Gustavus II Adolphus of Sweden lands on the German coast of the Baltic Sea Wallenstein dismissed by the electoral princes at Regensburg |
|
| 1631 | |
| French-Swedish Alliance, the "Treaty of Bärwalde" Tilly defeated near Breitenfeld Gustavus II Adolphus´s march of victory begins and ends in Munich Wallenstein is ordered back |
|
| 1632 | |
| Tilly is mortally wounded Gustavus II Adolphus of Sweden is killed |
|
| 1633 | |
| Hessian troops advance into the Münsterland Sweden allies with Protestant princes of Southern Germany in the "Heilbronner Bund" |
|
| 1634 | |
| Wallenstein dismissed and murdered Sweden deafeated near Nördlingen Münster is sieged by Protestant troops |
|
| 1635 | |
| Peace of Prague is concluded between the emperor Ferdinand II, the "Liga" and Saxony France enters the war |
|
| 1637 | |
| Ferdinand III succeeds his father Ferdinand II |
|
| 1641 | |
| The Swedish - French Alliance is renewed in Hamburg Münster and Osnabrück are chosen to be the sites for peace negotiations |
|
| 1643 | |
| Münster and Osnabrück are declared neutral Estates of the empire are admitted to Parliament Arrival of the first peace ambassadors |
|
| 1644 | |
| Arrival of the peace negotiators Chigi and Contarini |
|
| 1645 | |
| Defeat of the emperor´s army near Jankau Duc de Longueville and Graf Trautmannsdorff arrive in Münster: serious negotiations begin |
|
| 1646 | |
| Swedish troops ravage Westphalia Duchesse de Longueville arrives in Münster |
|
| 1647 | |
| Ceasefire in Ulm Spanish envoy Joseph de Bergaigne dies in Münster Münster´s doctor Bernhard Rottendorff makes an appeal for peace |
|
| 1648 | |
| The Spanish-Dutch Peace is concluded on January 30th and ratified on May 15th Peace Treaties between France and Sweden are officially signed on October 24th |
|
| 1649 | |
| The city of Münster celebrates the ratification of the treaties on February 22 |
|
| 1650 | |
| The implementation of the Peace of Westphalia, negotiated in Nuremberg since 1649, is finally concluded | |
| 1654 | |
| Swedish troops evacuate Vechta, signifying the complete departure of occupying forces |
|
| 1659 | |
| The Peace of the Pyrenees ends the conflict between France and Spain |
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